The U.S. cable televisions' framing of mass shooting: a grounded discovery of competing narratives

News frames play a vital role in shaping the audience's interpretation of news, their participation policy discussions, and engagement public discourse. This study uses Analysis Topic Model Networks (ANTMA) frame analysis grounded approach examines 2017 Sutherland Springs, Texas, mass shooting coverage house worship by three U.S. cable television networks—CNN, Fox News, MSNBC. reports for first seven days following were collected from networks' Twitter, YouTube, website accounts. A total 290 news analyzed 760 aggregate units coded. The results demonstrate that ANTMA is an effective method support research about media's emphasis on victims, community, individual cases shootings. They identify differences issue-based gun vs. mental health debates. Additional new empathy, interventions, reactions, security discovered. Results also show used frequency between digital platforms websites organizations. These each media network's ideological perspectives or competing narratives. findings raise relevant questions to coverage, debates violence, cultural awareness problem shootings safety as world becomes more global.